Hyperparameter Tuning

Hyperparameters are configuration settings that control the learning process. Unlike model parameters (weights), they're set before training begins. Finding the right combination can dramatically improve performance.

Key Hyperparameters

Learning Rate

Most important! Controls step size during optimization.

Typical range: 1e-5 to 1e-1

Batch Size

Number of samples per gradient update.

Common: 32, 64, 128, 256

Network Architecture

Number of layers, neurons per layer, activation functions.

Start simple, add complexity

Regularization

Dropout rate, weight decay, L1/L2 penalties.

Prevents overfitting

Tuning Strategies

1. Manual Tuning

Change one parameter at a time. Good for understanding but time-consuming.

2. Grid Search

Try all combinations of predefined values. Exhaustive but expensive.

3. Random Search

Sample random combinations. Often better than grid search with same budget.

4. Bayesian Optimization

Intelligently samples based on past results. Most efficient for expensive models.

Grid Search Example

This shows how grid search explores hyperparameter combinations.

python
Output:
Click "Run Code" to see output

Pro Tip: Use coarse-to-fine search. Start with wide ranges, then zoom in on promising regions.